ITI is a skill development center where one can enrich their skill in any of departments like electrician, welding, wiring, instrumentation, or running a chemical plant whereas, in diploma, students are more focused on engineering. In diploma, students learn more theory and less practical work.
ITI is for small jobs. The certificate course of 18 to 24 months in ITI opens opportunities for jobs, for 10th pass who can not afford higher education it is the best
Diploma (3 Year ) from Polytechnic may get slightly better jobs, but there is competition from degree holders.
The difference is diploma guys test products, where ITI guys design it.
Diploma in 3 years and ITI is 2 years. Both have many opportunities in the government sector too.